Rosa Parks Free Essays

Rosa Parks is one of the most influential and inspirational women of all time. By one action she helped change many African American’s lives, but most importantly the society. Rosa parks stood up for what she believed in, even though she was standing alone; refusing to obey the black standards. We will write a custom essay sample on Rosa Parks or any similar topic only for you Order Now Not only did she help change the lives of African American’s, but she helped equality for all men and women in the United States. Humanity is grateful what Mrs. Parks contributed for equal rights and it will be forever known. Mrs. Parks was born in Tuskegee on February 4, 1913. At the age of two she moved to pine level, where she was raised by her grandparents on their farm. During her childhood she grew up with segregation and the terrible fear of a society, The Klu Klux Klan. Her grandfather would defend her from the Klan, and he often slept with a rifle by his bedside, due to the unsafe environment. Rosa attended the Montgomery Industrial School at the age of eleven, which was financed by a group of white women from the North. Unfortunately she quit school to take care of her grandmother, and at the age of twenty she finished her high school diploma. On December 1, 1955 she got arrested for violating Montgomery city code chapter 6 section 11. After a long hard day of work, she refused to give up her seat in the front of a bus for a white man. The supreme court of the United States struck down the city law allowing segregation on public buses. Rosa married a barber named Raymond who was a member of National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. He encouraged her to join, and in 1943 she began working as a secretary for NAACP. There she met Martin Luther King Jr. She moved to Detroit with her husband and worked as a seamstress. President Bill Clinton awarded her the Presidential Metal of Freedom in 1996, and in 1999 she received the Congressional Gold Medal. After the death of her husband, she found Pathways to Freedom in 1977. In 2005 at the age of 92, her body laid in state in capital building of US. Rosa was an incredible woman who â€Å"sat down† to stand up for what she believed in. If it wasn’t for her contribution equality would still be an issue. She earned the name â€Å"Mother of the Civil Rights Movement†, it is also known as â€Å"spark that lit the fire. † She will always be an inspiration for the African American culture and race. Not only will she be known as an inspirational leader, but also as an encourager to all people. An encourager that will give others the confidence to stand their ground for what they believe is right. Rosa Park made a difference then, the change is happening until this day, and will still be there tomorrow. How to cite Rosa Parks, Papers Rosa Parks Free Essays Harris 1 Diamond Harris English II Mr. Love 21 September 2012 I’m doing my report on Rosa Parks. What Rosa Parks did changed people from the very moment she did it. We will write a custom essay sample on Rosa Parks or any similar topic only for you Order Now It sent a powerful message to people that she was tired of being second-guessed by people. When the white man told Rosa Parks to get to the back; when she didn’t. She basically changed history after that moment. Rosa Parks stood up for what she believed in and nothing more. Mrs. Parks was born Rosa Louise McCauley Parks, Febuary 13 ,2012 in Tuskegee, Alabama. Parks, Rosa and Steele Elaine) She was the first child of James and Leona Edwards McCauley. (Parks, Rosa and Steele, Elaine) Her brother, Sylvester McCauley, now decreased, was born August 20, 2015. (Parks, Rosa and Steele, Elaine) Her mother worked as a carpenter and her mother as a teacher. (Reynolds, Brain) At the age of two she moved to her grandparents’ farm in Pine Level, Alabama with her mother and younger brother, Syvester. Reynolds, Brain) When she is at age eleven she’s enrolled on the Montgomery Industrial School for Girls ( Miss White’s School for Girls) a private institution. (Parks, Rosa; Steele Elaine, and Reynolds, Brain) After finishing Miss White’s School for Girls, she went to Alabama State Teacher’s College High School. (Parks, Rosa and Steele Elaine) She was unable to graduate because her mother became ill, therefore she continued to take care of t heir home and take care for her mother while her brother. (Parks, Rosa and Steele Elaine) Syvester worked outside of the home. Parks, Rosa and Steele Elaine) After attending Alabama State Teacher’s College, the young Rosa settled in Montgomery, with her husband, Raymond Parks. (Reynolds, Brain) The couple joined the local chapter of the NACCP(National Association for the Advancement of Colored People) and worked quietly for many years to improve the lot of African-Americans in the segregated south. ( Reynolds, Brain) She worked as a secretary for the Montgomery, Alabama branch of the NAACP. (McWilliams, Thelma) She had attended the Highlander Folk School six months before her arrest. McWilliams, Thelma ) On December 1, 1955 in Montgomery, Parks, while she in the sitting black section of bus, she refused to obey a public bus driver’s orders to give her seat to a white man and over to the back of the bus to make extra seats for whites. (McWilliams, Thelma ) I know someon e had take the step and I made up my mind not to move. (Moncur, Michael) Rosa was tired of being a second-class citizen and stood firmly. (McWilliams, Thelma ) She was arrested, tried and convicted for disorderly conduct and for violating a local ordinance. (McWilliams, Thelma ) Rosa Parks was nationally recognized as the â€Å"mother of the modern day civil rights movement† in America. (Parks, Rosa and Steele, Elaine) After the arrest black people of Montgomery and sympathizers of other races organized and promoted a boycott of that city bus that lasted 381 days. (Parks, Rosa and Steele, Elaine) Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. was appointed the spokesperson for the Bus Boycott and taught nonviolence to all participants. (Parks, Rosa and Steele, Elaine) Contingent with the protest in Montgomery, others took shape throughout the south and the country. Parks, Rosa and Steele, Elaine) They took form as sit-ins, eat-ins, swim-ins, and similar causes. (Parks, Rosa and Steele, Elaine) Thousands of courageous people joined the â€Å"protest† to demand equal rights for all people. (Parks, Rosa and Steele, Elaine) In 1957, Mrs. Parks and her husband moved to Detroit, Michigan where Mrs. Parks served on the staff of U. S. Respresentative John Conyers. (Reyno lds, Brain) The Sounthern Christian Leadership Council established an annual Rosa Parks Freedom Award in her honor. Reynolds, Brain) In Febuary, 1987 she co-funded the Rosa and Raymond Parks Institure for Self Development with Ms. Elaire Eason Steele in honor of her husband, Raymond (1903-1977). (Parks, Rosa and Steele, Elaine) The purpose is to motivate and diect youth not targeted by other progams to achieve their highest potential. (Parks, Rosa and Steele, Elaine) The Institure sponors an annual summer progam for teenagers called Pathways to FreedomPark. ( Parks, Rosa and Steele, Elaine) President Clinton presented Rosa Parks with the Presidental Medal of Freedom in 1996 and she also received a Congressional Gold Medal in 1999. Parks, Rosa and Steele, Elaine) â€Å"The Rosa Parks Story† was filmed in Montgomery, Alabama May 2001, an aired Febuary 24, 2002 on the CBS television network. (Parks, Rosa and Steele, Elaine)†I have learned over the years that one’s m ind, this dimishes fear; knowing what must done does away with fear† ,quotes Rosa Parks. (Moncur, Michael) I remember going to sleep as a girl hearing the Klan ride at night and hearing a lynching and being afraid the house would burn down. (Reynolds, Brain) How to cite Rosa Parks, Papers

Workplace Bullying in the OR-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Examine the Repetitive Psychological Oppression Which Occurs Due to the Workplace Bullying. Answer: Rational and Background In the last decade, several researches have been conducted which shows that bullying is a widespread problem. There are a number of institutions which are focusing on raising awareness and protecting people from the threat. The implication of bullying is negative and can harm victims health and work performance. So, it is essential to identify such threats within the workplace (Kowalski, Giumetti, Schroeder and Lattanner, 2014). In general, bullying comprises of the behavior targeted at a particular person to humiliate and stigmatize socially. It is also aimed at sabotaging the victims reputation by attacking his character and professional competence. There are many types of research conducted which shows that workplace bullying has become a common problem and there are many individuals who face humiliation because of it. The results of bullying are negative and also reduce confidence among professionals. It can increase the level of anxiety and other psychological problems for people. The performance of medical institutions is also affected by workplace bullying. Due to the bullying, there occurs shortage of medical staffs which increases the work burden on the health care provider (Atik, 2011). At the medical center, there are a number of attacks related to harassment and bullying. These attacks are harmful and are also based on the act of violence which cannot be ignored. In many countries like Sweden and Norway, no adequate legislations are developed regarding to bullying. In Britain, bullying is termed as zero tolerance. It refers the right of a person to lead his life in a dignified manner and there should be zero tolerance towards any act of torture or harassment. In some countries, there are many types of laws made to address the social issue of bullying; however, they are incompetent to address the situation. In the literature, no study has been conducted to examine the impact of bullying on doctors and nurses. The present research is conducted to gather information related to the act of bullying in medical institutions. The exploration describes the incidence of workplace bullying and ways in which different situations leads to such problems (Polanin, Espelage and Pigott, 2012). Aims and objectives The aim of the research is to examine the repetitive psychological oppression which occurs due to the workplace bullying (McGaghie, Issenberg, Petrusa and Scalese, 2010). The victim faces a lot of the work performance related harassments which results in high stress and depression of the victim. The cross-sectional and descriptive study examines workplace bullying behavior experienced by physicians and nurses. The aim of the research is to describe the incidence of workplace bullying in medical centers. The authors have divided the aim in several objectives for the clear investigation and analysis of the issue. The research paper has determined the role of the demographics in workplace bullying. It also defined the relationship between the workplace bullying and the emotional exhaustion of the physicians. The article also highlights the link between the workplace bullying and the safety of the patients. Discussion of Research Method The research method refers to techniques which are used by the researcher to collect valuable evidence to conduct research. These methods increase validity and reliability of data. In order to conduct research on the bullying, different types of research methods used. In the research, the first method related to the data collection is the cross-sectional method (Duncan and Keller, 2011). In the medical research, cross-sectional method is the type of the observational study that collects data through different means from a specific population. In the medical study, this method is appropriate because it provides in-detail information about the population. Such type of method is used by researcher to assess the prevalence of chronic conditions or to identify actual problems of diseases. In the present report, the cross-sectional method has been used by research to collect the data. In the present research, primary data is used for collecting information regarding bullying (Richardson, F rueh and Acierno, 2010). The research develops a survey to ask question at two different medical centers. The data is collected by conducting a survey which was conducted in the medical center. In the survey, twenty-two questions were asked related to workplace bullying. With the help of this research method, scholars can identify root causes of bullying at workplace and ways to prevent it. The researchers have taken a population sample which can represents the entire population. For the data sampling, convenience sample method had been selected. This is non-probability sampling method. In scientific research, this approach is used to collect the data from the participants who are conveniently available to take part in the research process (Holden, 2011). This is associated with primary data collection approach. With the help of such type of method, validity and reliability of research can be determined. This method is used by researchers so they can analyze data in an accurate manner and also it is one of the most inexpensive methods. It refers to conducting analysis of collected data and establishing its correlation with previous research. For conducting data analysis, SPSS statistical software had been used. In the present research, this method is used to analyze data is a more accurate manner (Tokunaga, 2010). For analysis of data, many other statistical tools and m ethod are present through which accuracy can be maintained. In the analysis part, regression method is also applied. Critical Discussion on Bullying In the present research, the definition of bullying is stated as a situation wherein a person or a group of people are threatened by other person or a group of persons. Such act can bring different types of consequences and individually find it difficult to defend himself from such situations (Hutchinson, Wilkes, Jackson and Vickers, 2010). The bullying is negative action which can be harmful to anyone in the workplace. The consequences of bullying are that it decrease work performance and efficiency of the employees. In the medical center, such cases are generally faced by the nurses and new physicians in hospitals. As per the given definition, bullying is the situations in which one person constantly faces negative action from other persons. It also encompasses the incidents where one person has also faced humiliation from other people. Such type of humiliation is so drastic that it can also break someone confidence. However, in some institutions bullying is not considered as negative action (Bartlett and Bartlett, 2011). The negative actions can lead to a downfall in confidence. In some situations, bullying is not always negative action; however, it also helps the individuals in making interactions at the workplace. A healthy talk can increase interaction between the individuals in the medical center and also assist them in understanding the work environment. The negative situation can be addressed through awareness as it is not permanent in nature. So, it is important to clearly state about emotional, mental or other types of physical actions which can harm other individual. In the survey, most of the participants have failed to identify bullying because they do not understand the negative actions. In the definition, it is also stated that bullying is a situation in which one can feel helpless to defend him or herself (Branch, Ramsay and Barker, 2013). However, if someone is defending himself from any type of negative situation then that situation is not termed as bullying. In some case of bullying, victims easily defend themselves. So by definition, it should also include all such activities whether physical or mental in which an individual gets hurt. In most of the medical workplaces, such activities are carried by an individual in form of humiliation. So, the organization must be aware of s uch type of practices at the workplace and make provisions to prevent such activities. Bullying does not refer to one-time actions or actions without any malicious intent. It means any type of action is taken only one time at the workplace so it is not considered as bullying. It cannot be consdered as a measured of bullying. At workplace, many times individual faces a lot of humiliation and threats which their confidence breaks at one time. So, bullying should be based on all type of the action such as physical, mental or emotional which lead harm to an individual (Hoel, Glas, Hetland, Cooper and Einarsen, 2010). In some research it is highlighted one-time bullying is also harmful to individuals at the workplace. This could be reason why most of the candidate do not identify bullying at workplace (Chipps, Stelmaschuk, Albert, Bernhard and Holloman, 2013). Critical Discussion of the Sampling Process For collecting the data, a total sample size of 167 employees from both hospitals is taken. For conducting the survey, written permission is also taken from the medical center. The questions were developed in the presence of medical employees so all the required information can be collected (Simons, Stark and DeMarco, 2011). All participates are well aware of this process and also research provides them with the definition of bullying. Form the hospital A, there were 73 employees who took part and from hospital B 94 employees participated in the survey. The limitation of collecting data was that only a few employees took participation in the survey. Only 29% employees responded towards the bullying act and other employees were ignored from the survey (Chipps, Stelmaschuk, Albert, Bernhard and Holloman, 2013). Critical Discussion of Data Collection For collecting the data the cross-sectional survey was selected. The researcher conducted research in two different medical centers. The collection of data is based on primary research. There was a questionnaire develop which consist 22 negative act questions. The frequency of experiencing these negative acts was rated as never, occasionally, monthly, weekly, or daily. Since, this research is also adding some more questions regarding to the definition of the previous bullying at workplace. The scores are ranging from .81 to.92 the survey questions is also considered the demographic distribution such as gender, age, and ethnicity (Simons, Stark and DeMarco, 2011). The 23 additional questions are consisting of eight items based on demographic information which are filled by using checkbook format. Other eights questions are related to the experience of bullying at the workplace and last seven questions are assessed in the impact of bullying on patients safety. In addition, most of the questions which were developed by researcher were based on bullying in which no accurate definition of negative actions was given. The disadvantage of using such type of the method is that it does not provide the cause and effect relationship. The data which are collected by researcher does not show how demographic variables create an impact on the bullying and impact on nurses. In the entire data collection process, no such expenses occurred in the process. Critical discussion on data analysis For making the analysis, SPSS software had been used. In addition, descriptive statistics for each demographics measure separately. In the continuous variables, researcher use mean and standard deviation. In the analysis of data, researcher also used the logistics regression which varies from 0 to 1 (Chipps, Stelmaschuk, Albert, Bernhard and Holloman, 2013). There were total 582 Resident Nurses invited in which 167 participated in surveys. In the hospital A, 40 potential participants were there whereas B had a response rate of 23.5%. In the study sample, 44.7% of participants were RNs, 53.4% were surgical technologists, and 1.9% was other unlicensed. In the sample, the white people were 73.6, black 20.1% and 6.3% people are other. In the end results, it is identified that 59% of total participants witnessed the act of bullying. Regarding the frequency of bullying, periods such as monthly, weekly, yearly and other cases, the answer of most of the candidates was that they are bullied on the monthly period. In the negative act questions, 27.9% participates ignored and chose not to answer. This is an emphasis that for the workplace it is essential to promote safety and develop cultural communication between the team members so they can speak about their own opinion. The paper also suggested that younger staff have zero tolerance of bullying so in the hospitals most of such cases were faced by the senior staff on monthly basis. Before this study, there was no research conducted regarding bullying in health care. On the basis of ethnicity, white staff has to face the highest level of bullying at the workplace (Hoel, Glas, Hetland, Cooper and Einarsen, 2010). Among physicians, black and Asian physicians had to face t he acts of bullying. The sample size for making an analysis of bullying in ethnicity was small. Therefore, it can be critiqued that for making an analysis of data the sample size was too small. There were only two hospitals which were taken and few employees took participation in the survey. For making analysis of data, no specific time had taken. All the analysis was based on the survey and there were also lack of proper literature. Strengths and Weakness of Research Methods There are different types of research method and approach selected for conducting the present research. In data collection, all participants were well-informed before the survey. The questionnaire which was developed by the researcher is also developed by the medical employees so the researcher can get in detail information regarding the bullying. For the data collection, the sample size was too small and only those employees were taken who faced bullying. Collecting data from such method can create problem for researcher because it did not provide detailed information regarding behavior of bullying at workplace (McGaghie, Issenberg, Petrusa and Scalese, 2010). The OR is a highly stressful environment in which team members work in very close proximity. The main disadvantage of present research method is that participant personnel do not self-identify as being bullied but witnessed others being bullied in the workplace. In the collection of data, there are some other factors such as c ulture, senior, leadership and impact on management training which should also be considered and such ways are identified the ways which can create impact on bullying. In the analysis section, the researcher used the SPSS software. However, most of the candidates who participated in the survey were not sure about their own opinion. The convenient sample helps the research to collect data without any problems. However, this method does not provide bias results. This method does not have the power to identify the difference of population subgroups. In addition, there were only 22 questions asked from employees and several of them were not related to bullying (Duncan and Keller, 2011). Some of them are general and other belongs to the demographic variables of bullying. So, the validity and reliability of the above research method are also limited. At the last, it can be considered that the best method to address the issue of bullying is to provide training in medical center. The hospitals need to allocate resources carefully to team training programs. The managers and staff members must be accountable for setting expectations and provide training towards the elimination of bullying at workplace. The top management need to provide a clear message to all employees and staff members towards bullying and risks which are associated with such act. References Atik, G. (2011). Assessment of school bullying in Turkey: a critical review of self-report instruments. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 3232-3238. Bartlett, J. E., Bartlett, M. E. (2011). Workplace bullying: An integrative literature review. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 13(1), 69-84. Branch, S., Ramsay, S., Barker, M. (2013). Workplace bullying, mobbing and general harassment: A review. International Journal of Management Reviews, 15(3), 280-299. Chipps, E., Stelmaschuk, S., Albert, N. M., Bernhard, L., Holloman, C. (2013). Workplace bullying in the OR: Results of a descriptive study. AORN journal, 98(5), 479-493 Hoel, H., Glas, L., Hetland, J., Cooper, C. L., Einarsen, S. (2010). Leadership styles as predictors of self?reported and observed workplace bullying. British Journal of Management, 21(2), 453-468. Hutchinson, M., Wilkes, L., Jackson, D., Vickers, M. H. (2010). Integrating individual, work group and organizational factors: Testing a multidimensional model of bullying in the nursing workplace. Journal of Nursing management, 18(2), 173-181. Kowalski, R. M., Giumetti, G. W., Schroeder, A. N., Lattanner, M. R. (2014). Bullying in the digital age: A critical review and meta-analysis of cyberbullying research among youth. McGaghie, W. C., Issenberg, S. B., Petrusa, E. R., Scalese, R. J. (2010). A critical review of simulation?based medical education research: 20032009. Medical education, 44(1), 50-63. Polanin, J. R., Espelage, D. L., Pigott, T. D. (2012). A meta-analysis of school-based bullying prevention programs' effects on bystander intervention behavior. School Psychology Review, 41(1), 47. Samnani, A. K. (2013). Embracing new directions in workplace bullying research: A paradigmatic approach. Journal of Management Inquiry, 22(1), 26-36. Simons, S. R., Stark, R. B., DeMarco, R. F. (2011). A new, four?item instrument to measure workplace bullying. Research in nursing health, 34(2), 132-140. Thornberg, R. (2011). Shes weird!The social construction of bullying in school: A review of qualitative research. Children society, 25(4), 258-267.

Domestic Violence against South Asian Women

Introduction The domestic violence against women continues to attract the attention of medical professionals and public administrators. according to Ahmed (2009), â€Å"domestic violence is a global phenomenon occurring among people of all races, ages, socioeconomic status, educational and religious backgrounds† (p. 1).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Domestic Violence against South Asian Women specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Such cases are particularly widespread in South Asian communities. This paper will be discussing the causes and magnitude of this problem from socio-environmental perspective. More importantly, it is aimed at developing a specific plan that would help the victims of home abuse and minimize the occurrence of such cases. Overall, nurses can greatly contribute to the resolution of this problem. Domestic violence as a socio-environmental health issue Statistical data indicate th at the magnitude of this problem is really alarming. For instance, according to the study conducted by Adam Najma and Paul Schewe, more than 77 percent of immigrant Pakistani and Indian women experienced some form of domestic violence (2007, p. 13). Furthermore, this study relies primarily on the reported case of spousal abuse. Many of these cases could go undocumented. As it has been identified in the study by Aisha Gill (2004), many victims fail report family abuse because they believe that their male partners are virtually â€Å"all-powerful† or â€Å"immune† to any intervention even from the police (p. 475). Thus, they may simply fear to share their experiences with social workers or nurses (Izzidian, 2008). This issue can become even more urgent if we consider that Indian immigrants are one of the fastest growing populations in many developed countries such as the United States (Liao, 2006, p. 24). There are various theories which strive to explain the causes of d omestic violence. One of them is the resource theory developed by William Goode (Goode as cited in Cane Kritzer, 2010, p. 228). According to this approach, the victims are primarily those women, who are financially dependent on their partners. Hence, they might be afraid of living their husbands even if they abuse them. This theory may not explain the actual cause of violence but it helps to identify some factors which contribute to it (Sokoloff Pratt, 2005, p. 166). In part, this hypothesis is confirmed by the statistical findings.Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More To elaborate this theory, one should look at educational background of the victims and determine if they act as breadwinners. The research carried out by Bowlus Seitz (2006) suggests that employment can significantly reduce the likelihood of domestic violence (p. 1120). In particular, only 8.9 percent of th ose women, who reported spousal abuse, were employed on a full time basis (Bowlus Seitz, 2006, 1120). Hence, one can say that this hypothesis is supported by empirical findings. However, the resource theory may not be sufficient for complete explanation of this problem. One should also take into consideration in some communities, domestic violence can be tolerated. To a great extent, such tolerance is based on a racist premise that women must submit to the will of their husbands. In this regard, violence becomes one of the public health concerns, as it is stated in Lundy Janes (2009, p. 509). Thus, one should not overlook cultural background of families. For example, the surveys of many Asian Indian women show that from victims’ perspective, an ideal wife should â€Å"unquestioningly sacrifice to the demands of the husband† (Liao, 2006, p. 26). As a rule, such families are patriarchal and the husband acts as a main decision-maker. This is circumstance which is usuall y associated with domestic violence. Besides, one should not forget that in many Asian communities top priority is given to â€Å"family honor† which means that the victims can find it shameful to disclose domestic violence. They may not report spousal abuse for approximately seven years (Liao, 2006, p. 27). Another issue that should be taken into account is that the victims are often separated from their closest relatives, especially parents. In part, their high tolerance of domestic violence can be explained by the fact they have nowhere else to go. Finally, one should not disregard such factor as the loss of social status. The problem is that many immigrants coming from Asian countries cannot secure a job that would fit their professional education. Some of them have to do menial jobs, and these men believe that they occupy an undeservedly low place in the social hierarchy (Liao 2006, p 27; Stretch, 2003, p. 141). Therefore, they attempt to raise their self-esteem by means of force and violence (Lawrence, 1994, p. 48). Thus, while speaking about the propensity to violence, one should determine the extent to which the family assimilated into a foreign society. On the whole, this discussion shows that there are several conditions which can lead to domestic violence: 1) women’s unemployment and lack of financial resources; 2) high tolerance of violence within the family and the community; 3) loss of social status, and 4) patriarchic structure of the family. These factors are extremely important for the identification of those women who are likely to suffer from domestic violence.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Domestic Violence against South Asian Women specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Intervention plan In this case, nursing intervention has to be based on the population health model. The main advantage of this approach is that it takes into account economic and soc ial environment of a person, namely education, income, employment, culture, and social support (Kovner, Knockman, Weisfeld, 2011, p. 86). As it has been shown in the previous section these environmental factors are closely related to domestic abuse. Nurses and other healthcare professionals should overcome several obstacles which prevent victims of domestic abuse from looking for help. The first barrier is lack of knowledge about those institutions which can protect women from abuse (Hamberger, 2004, p. 179). In other words, many women do not know who can help them and how. This is the reasons why they do not tell about the instances of domestic abuse to nurses, social workers or physicians. The second barrier is the fear of retribution. The thing is that many victims do not even to consult nurses, physicians, or consultants because they believe that the disclosure of abuse will result in retaliation (Hamberger, 2004, p. 179). In addition, lack of trust toward healthcare providers can prevent the victims from telling about their experiences. These are the main obstacles that nurses and social workers should overcome. The plan proposed in this paper seeks to build health public policy and strengthen community actions against domestic abuse. One of its tasks is to create an environment in which South Asian women or any other victims of violence will not feel helpless and alienated. Finally, it is vital that these women acquire or develop personal and coping skills. Overall, there are several important things that can be done by public administrators in order to protect women from abuse. First, nurses and counselors must carefully study the reports and criminal records related to spousal abuse. On the basis of this information they will be able to single out at-risk families or communities, for example, South Asian communities. The second important stage is screening intervention. At this point, nurses begin to play the most crucial role. They must be able to as sess psychological and physical state of women. In part, it can be done by the use of various questionnaires which help to evaluate the relations between the partners. Moreover, nurses must determine whether the physical symptoms of a woman can be related to domestic abuse. Provided that there is some evidence indicating at domestic violence, for example, bruises or depressed state of the patient, the nurse tell the victim what kind of organizations can help her (Humphrey Campbell, 2010, p. 61). Nurses must properly document the results of their assessment since this evidence will important for legal protection of the victim.Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Another important intervention is safeguarding. It is essentially aimed at limiting the contacts of an alleged victim with the perpetrator. If there is an explicit threat to her health or life, she must be isolated from her husband. In some cases, she and her children must be providing with temporary accommodation (Humphrey Campbell, 2010 p 61). The third stage consists of two important interventions namely counseling and legal protection. The victim of abuse must acquire the skills for coping with traumatic experiences. She should be able to talk to her extended family or peers in order to recover at least particularly. This person must receive counseling from nurses at the initial stages of intervention. It is of crucial importance that nurses encourage the victims to voice their complaints (Timby, 2009, p. 15). At later stages, group counseling services must be provided by certified therapists. It should be noted that these interventions must be accompanied by a set of preventiv e measures. In particular, it is necessary to raise the community awareness about domestic abuse. In part, it can be done by issuing educational leaflets (Shipway, 2004, p. 108). Those women, who live in the at-risk communities, must know that they will not be left to their own devices. These leaflets can be distributed by community nurses as well the workers of non-governmental organizations. One must not disregard financial aspects of spousal abuse. As it has been shown in the previous part of the paper, many of these women are financially dependent on their husbands. Thus, the government should help them with employment and offer some vocational training. Only in this way, the victims will become more self-sufficient. These are the main interventions that can resolve the problem of physical abuse. They have to attain three important objectives: 1) the protection of women; 2) the prevention of abuse; and 3) recovery of victims. Required Health nursing roles and ideas Thus, it is p ossible to argue that nurses can significantly contribute to the implementation of this plan. Under circumstances, he/she should act as an assessor of patient’s mental or physical health, counselor, and coordinator. These are the roles which nurses often perform (Forster, 2001, p. 22). However, one should take into consideration that they will be dealing with people whose cultural background can be different. This is why many authors stress the importance of cultural competence (Nagelclerkm, 2000, p. 200; Liao, 2006). This term can be explained as the ability to recognize and respect cultural distinctions of the patient. In particular, the nurse must know how South Asian women view family, gender roles, equality of sexes and so forth. Another important issue is the language barrier. In many cases, the victims of abuse may not be proficient in the English language; thus, a nurse should be able to communicate in this language. Furthermore, this healthcare professional must unde rstand non-verbal communication of these women. The thing is that gestures, posture, personal appearance, facial expressions can tell very much about mental health of a patient (Aquino, 2008, p. 165). This skill is of vital importance for screening. As a counselor, he/she must be able to establish rapport with this patient. Therefore, one can argue a nurse must have in-depth knowledge of socio-cultural environment of South Asian women in order to detect or prevent the instances of spousal abuse. Hence, the roles and skills of nurses are very diverse. The Strengths and weaknesses of the plan The main strength of this plan is that it takes into account social and cultural environment of women suffering from domestic abuse, because, as it is stated by Yolanda R. Davila, † domestic violence is recognized as a priority women’s health issue† (2005, p. 1). Secondly, it is based on cooperation of nurses, counselors, public administrators, and non-governmental organization s. Such cooperation can be essential for the success. Furthermore, this plan may not only protect the victims, but prevent the occurrence of domestic violence. Finally, the implementation of these strategies can make women suffering from spousal abuse more self-sufficient. This argument is particularly important when we speak about employment assistance that will be offered to these victims. Again, this strategy is premised on the idea that domestic violence can be explained by the financial dependence of women in these communities. Yet, there is some limitation or weakness, namely, this plan requires considerable financial support of the government. In order to offer psychological and legal counseling to these South Asian women, the government will require have to make significant expenditures. However, this weakness can be minimized by attracting non-governmental organizations. Moreover, this problem can be resolved by partnering with those institutions which provide vocational tr aining to unemployed people. Reference List Adam, N. M., Schewe, P. A. (2007). A Multilevel Framework Exploring Domestic Violence Against Immigrant Indian and Pakistani Women in the United States. Journal of Muslim Mental Health, 2(1), 5-20. Aquino, A. (2008). Speech and Oral Communication for Nursing 2008 Ed. NY: Rex Bookstore. Ahmed, M. (2009). Domestic Violence Cross Cultural Perspective. NY: Xlibris Corporation. Bowlus, A. J., Seitz, S. (2006). Domestic Violence, Employment, and Divorce. International Economic Review, 47(4), 1113-1149. Cane, P. Kritzer H. (2010). The Oxford handbook of empirical legal research. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Davila, Y. (2005). Teaching nursing students to assess and intervene for domestic violence. International Journal of Nursing Education Scholarship, 2(1), 5-20. Forster, S. (2001). The Role of the Mental Health Nurse. London: Nelson Thornes. Gill, A. (2004). Voicing the Silent Fear: South Asian Women’s Experiences of Domestic Viol ence. Howard Journal of Criminal Justice, 43(5), 465-483. Izzidian, S. (2008). â€Å"I can’t tell people what is happening at home† : domestic abuse within South Asian communities: the specific needs of women, children and young people. London: NSPCC. Hamberger, K. (2004). Domestic violence screening and intervention in medical and mental healthcare settings. NY: Springer Publishing Company. Humphrey, J. Campbell, J. (2010). Family Violence and Nursing Practice. NY: Springer Publishing Company. Kovner, R., Knickman J., Weisterfeld V (2011). Jonas and Kovner’s Health Care Delivery in the United States, 10th Edition. NY: Springer Publishing Company. Lawrence, L. (1994). Brave- and battered: Abuse turns South Asian women’s new lives upside down in U.S. Far Eastern Economic Review, 157, 48-49. Liao, M. (2006). Domestic violence among Asian Indian immigrant women: risk factors, acculturation, and intervention. Women Therapy, 29(1/2), 23-39. Lundy, K. Janes , S. (2009). Community health nursing: caring for the public’s health. NY: Jones Bartlett Learning. Nagelclerk, J. (2006). Leadership and Nursing Care Management. London: Elsevier Health Sciences. Shipway, L. (2004). Domestic violence: a handbook for health professionals. London: Routledge. Sokoloff, N. Pratt, C. (2005). Domestic violence at the margins: readings on race, class, gender, and culture. New Jersey Rutgers University Press. Stretch, J. (2003). Practicing social justice. London: Routledge. Timby, B. (2008). Fundamental Nursing Skills and Concepts. New Jersey: Lippincott Williams Wilkins. This research paper on Domestic Violence against South Asian Women was written and submitted by user Julien Patterson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

othello essay essays

othello essay essays In Shakespeare's Othello, the character Iago, Othello's lieutenant, is the cause of all the tragedy which comes to pass as the play progresses. Iago is the antagonist of the play, but rather than being the direct opponent to the tragic hero, Iago is a manipulator, opposing Othello not directly but through other characters whom he tricks into acting for him. In the first scene of the play, Iago gives the audience warning that he is not all that he seems when he says, "I am not what I am." (I,i,65) He is first seen in this scene appearing to help Roderigo, a suitor to Desdemona, who has run off with Othello, the Moorish general of the Venician army. Iago hates Othello for another reason. Instead of choosing him to be his lieutenant, Othello chose Cassio, another foreigner, and relegated Iago to the position of his ancient. When Roderigo asks why Iago continues to serve Othello, in spite of how the general has treated him, Iago replies, "I follow him to serve my turn upon him." (I,i,42) He goes on to give an example of how he intends to serve him, by acting like the perfect servant, while secretly enriching himself, and later says, "In following him, I follow but myself." (I,i,58) From this, one might think that he is still fairly straightforward in his plans, that he merely intends to betray Othello at some later date. However, in the third scene, he shows the audience his ability to manipulate people, when he convinces Roderigo to follow him to Cyprus and to bring all of his money, presumably to win back Desdemona. After Roderigo has left to do what Iago has suggested, Iago says, "Thus do I ever make my fool my purse." (I,iii,37 y9) Later, in Act IV, we find that Roderigo has been giving jewels to Iago to give to Desdemona, which Iago, it is implied, has sold for his own uses. Thus, it is seen that Iago is merely using Roderigo to further his own ends, just as he said he was only serving Othello to serve himself. ...

Affirmative action plan Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Affirmative action plan - Assignment Example g that equal rights and treatment are present within the workplace1.The purpose of affirmative action plans is to ensure that there is equal opportunity for all people. However, this approach differs from a traditional equal opportunity approach, because equal opportunity attempts to eliminate discrimination when it occurs, but affirmative action plans are more active, and aim to prevent discrimination happening2. This is an important distinction and is critical in the way that organizations develop and enact affirmative action plans. Despite their prevalence throughout the United States, and the legislative support that is present for them, there is considerable controversy about the use of affirmative action plans. Opponents argue that they promote discrimination through the process of reverse discrimination, where people who are not part of a minority group have less opportunities and benefits than those who are in a minority. The purpose of this paper is to examine this history surrounding affirmative action plans, their use in present day organizations, the controversy about them and to consider what this is likely to mean for affirmative action plans in the future. People of racial or ethnic minority groups as well as women have often experienced legal or social exclusion in many areas. In the 1960s and 1970s, Hispanic Americans and African Americans were mostly segregated into low income jobs, leaving some categories of employment for white males only, including fire departments and police departments in many major cities. In contrast, roles that required hard manual labor tended to be almost exclusively occupied by people from ethnic minorities. Although there were significant improvements to civil rights, including the Civil Rights Act of 1964, the creation of equal opportunities for women and minority groups was often difficult. This was in part due to the difficulties in implementing the changes and the fact that organizations could easily ignore the

E-commerce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 2

E-commerce - Essay Example The E-commerce revolution has surged forward with applications appearing in the airline industry as equitable with fast and easy modern technology service in the new age. This scientific protocol allows the industry to communicate internally with suppliers and partners and with their customers. Plagued with a series of economic downturns and fierce competition and global critical issues, the airline industry had no other recourse but to adjust and adapt itself to the current business scenario than remain covered in dust as other competitors fly by. Although most airlines were reluctant to engage strategically in electronic commerce giving justification to their highly exceptional personalized service, the Paris Crash in 2000 and the September 11, 2001 downfall made every international flag carrier cringed at the thought of closing its doors forever and were instead forced to lunge for drastic measures to regain its earning equilibrium. Bigger airline industries brainstormed their ma rketing specialists while directors hold close door meetings in the effort to address the problems besieging the entire future of everyone associated with the business. Small players beyond 2003 were still struggling to keep up with the prevailing market scene but bigger players had adjusted faster but then again faced with the critical issue of mass employee lay-off for most of its workers affected by the online economic measures. However the e-business held promises to lower the operating costs of these sectors as well as connections to the wider world in a matter of seconds. Flag carriers like British Airways, KLM, Cathay Pacific, Qantas, American Airlines and Singapore Airlines responded by installing e-commerce platforms as the robust channel for business. The Paris Crash in 2000 and the 9/11 terrorist attacks the following year, coupled by fluctuating maintenance costs, and the future of Concorde was limited despite the expensive modifications after the crash.

Korean comfort women during Japanese occupation of Korea Essay

Korean comfort women during Japanese occupation of Korea - Essay Example ge of these women volunteers as Japan rapidly expanded its control over Asia, to such a point that local women in colonized areas had to be coerced to serve in the so-called comfort stations (Yoshimi 100). Most scholars agree that the number of these women is somewhere around 200,000. It is believed that women from Korea comprise 51.8% of that estimated number (KCIS, â€Å"Comfort Women,† par 8). The Japanese began setting up comfort stations in its colonies beginning in 1932 with various methods of recruitment, as told by comfort women survivors (Mitchell 503). As previously mentioned, they were mostly volunteers until scarcity pushed the military into coercion of women within their occupied territories. Soh enumerates that victims were either abducted forcibly from their homes or promised to be sent to factories as workers, only to be imprisoned in military brothels (â€Å"Japan’s Responsibility,† par. 1). Suzuki further adds that recruitment by Japanese soldiers could be as arbitrary as rounding up some random women at gunpoint or raping before bringing them to comfort stations (â€Å"Japan’s Comfort Women,† par 5). However, local human traffickers were also responsible for such acts, Suzuki clarifies. The purpose of establishing comfort stations was threefold. First, and the most obvious, is to provide comfort to soldiers who were away from their families, not knowing if they could return home alive (Hicks 502). At the time, prostitution in Japan was legal and the military may have seen it logical to bring the practice in their colonies, given the sheer number of men employed for the mission. Second is to prevent the spread of venereal diseases, and the soldiers from randomly raping women in occupied territories – an act that might aggravate resistance against them. Third, as revealed by the Japanese historian Yoshiaki Yoshimi, is to appease dissatisfied frontline soldiers and prevent military uprising (100).. Yoshimi explains that the soldiers’